Heart Failure
Also known as: Congestive Heart Failure, CHF
Heart failure means the heart cannot pump blood as well as it should, leading to fluid build-up and breathlessness.
Symptoms
- Breathlessness, especially lying flat
- Swelling of feet and ankles
- Tiredness
- Rapid weight gain
Causes
- Heart attack
- Long-standing high BP
- Valve disease
- Cardiomyopathy
Risk factors
- CAD
- High BP
- Diabetes
Complications
- Arrhythmia
- Kidney problems
Treatment overview
Medicines to reduce fluid and support the heart, salt and fluid limits, and devices or surgery in selected cases.
Prevention
- Control BP and diabetes
- Avoid smoking and alcohol
When to see a doctor
Urgently if breathlessness worsens or you cannot lie flat.
Specialists who treat it
Frequently asked questions
What are the symptoms of Heart Failure?
Breathlessness, especially lying flat, Swelling of feet and ankles, Tiredness, Rapid weight gain
What causes Heart Failure?
Heart attack, Long-standing high BP, Valve disease, Cardiomyopathy
How is Heart Failure treated?
Medicines to reduce fluid and support the heart, salt and fluid limits, and devices or surgery in selected cases.
How can Heart Failure be prevented?
Control BP and diabetes, Avoid smoking and alcohol
Medically reviewed by
Medical review pending
Last updated
9 October 2026
Sources
- World Health Organization fact sheets
- ICMR and MoHFW national guidelines
- National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Do not start, stop or change any medicine without medical advice.