Asthma
Also known as: Bronchial Asthma, Dama
Asthma is long-term inflammation of the airways that causes episodes of wheezing, coughing and breathlessness, often triggered by allergens, dust, smoke or infections.
Symptoms
- Wheezing
- Breathlessness
- Chest tightness
- Night-time cough
Causes
- Airway inflammation and over-sensitivity
Risk factors
- Allergies
- Family history
- Air pollution
- Smoking exposure
Complications
- Severe asthma attack
- Sleep disturbance
Treatment overview
Inhalers - relievers such as salbutamol and preventers such as inhaled steroids - plus avoiding triggers.
Prevention
- Avoid known triggers
- Use preventer inhaler regularly
- Annual flu vaccine
When to see a doctor
Urgently if the reliever inhaler is not helping or lips turn blue.
Medicines used
Vaccines
Specialists who treat it
Frequently asked questions
What are the symptoms of Asthma?
Wheezing, Breathlessness, Chest tightness, Night-time cough
What causes Asthma?
Airway inflammation and over-sensitivity
How is Asthma treated?
Inhalers - relievers such as salbutamol and preventers such as inhaled steroids - plus avoiding triggers.
How can Asthma be prevented?
Avoid known triggers, Use preventer inhaler regularly, Annual flu vaccine
Medically reviewed by
Medical review pending
Last updated
9 October 2026
Sources
- World Health Organization fact sheets
- ICMR and MoHFW national guidelines
- National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Do not start, stop or change any medicine without medical advice.