Chronic Kidney Disease
Also known as: CKD, Kidney Failure
Chronic kidney disease is gradual loss of kidney function over months or years, most often due to diabetes and high blood pressure.
Symptoms
- Often no symptoms early
- Swelling of feet
- Tiredness
- Reduced urine
- Itching
Causes
- Diabetes
- High BP
- Kidney inflammation
Risk factors
- Diabetes
- High BP
- Painkiller overuse
- Family history
Complications
- Kidney failure needing dialysis
- Heart disease
- Anaemia
Treatment overview
Control of sugar and BP, kidney-protective medicines, diet changes; dialysis or transplant in end-stage disease.
Prevention
- Control diabetes and BP
- Avoid unnecessary painkillers
When to see a doctor
If creatinine is raised or urine shows protein.
Tests used
Medicines used
Vaccines
Specialists who treat it
Frequently asked questions
What are the symptoms of Chronic Kidney Disease?
Often no symptoms early, Swelling of feet, Tiredness, Reduced urine, Itching
What causes Chronic Kidney Disease?
Diabetes, High BP, Kidney inflammation
How is Chronic Kidney Disease treated?
Control of sugar and BP, kidney-protective medicines, diet changes; dialysis or transplant in end-stage disease.
How can Chronic Kidney Disease be prevented?
Control diabetes and BP, Avoid unnecessary painkillers
Medically reviewed by
Medical review pending
Last updated
9 October 2026
Sources
- World Health Organization fact sheets
- ICMR and MoHFW national guidelines
- National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Do not start, stop or change any medicine without medical advice.