Kidney Stones
Also known as: Renal Calculi, Pathri
Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals that form in the kidneys and can cause severe pain when they move.
Symptoms
- Severe pain in the side or back
- Pain spreading to the groin
- Blood in urine
- Nausea
Causes
- Low water intake
- High salt and protein diet
Risk factors
- Hot climate
- Dehydration
- Family history
Complications
- Urinary infection
- Kidney damage
Treatment overview
Small stones often pass with fluids and pain relief; larger stones may need lithotripsy or surgery.
Prevention
- Drink 2.5-3 litres of water daily
- Reduce salt
When to see a doctor
Urgently for severe pain with fever or inability to pass urine.
Medicines used
Specialists who treat it
Frequently asked questions
What are the symptoms of Kidney Stones?
Severe pain in the side or back, Pain spreading to the groin, Blood in urine, Nausea
What causes Kidney Stones?
Low water intake, High salt and protein diet
How is Kidney Stones treated?
Small stones often pass with fluids and pain relief; larger stones may need lithotripsy or surgery.
How can Kidney Stones be prevented?
Drink 2.5-3 litres of water daily, Reduce salt
Medically reviewed by
Medical review pending
Last updated
9 October 2026
Sources
- World Health Organization fact sheets
- ICMR and MoHFW national guidelines
- National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Do not start, stop or change any medicine without medical advice.