Osteoarthritis
Also known as: OA, Knee Arthritis, Joint Wear and Tear
Category: MusculoskeletalICD-10: M17
Osteoarthritis is wear and tear of joint cartilage, most often in the knees, causing pain and stiffness.
Symptoms
- Joint pain on activity
- Stiffness after rest
- Swelling
- Crackling in the joint
Causes
- Age-related cartilage wear
Risk factors
- Age over 45
- Obesity
- Previous joint injury
- Female sex
Complications
- Reduced mobility
- Joint deformity
Treatment overview
Weight loss, physiotherapy, pain relief, and knee replacement in severe cases.
Prevention
- Healthy weight
- Regular strengthening exercise
When to see a doctor
If joint pain limits daily activity.
Tests used
Medicines used
Specialists who treat it
Frequently asked questions
What are the symptoms of Osteoarthritis?
Joint pain on activity, Stiffness after rest, Swelling, Crackling in the joint
What causes Osteoarthritis?
Age-related cartilage wear
How is Osteoarthritis treated?
Weight loss, physiotherapy, pain relief, and knee replacement in severe cases.
How can Osteoarthritis be prevented?
Healthy weight, Regular strengthening exercise
Medically reviewed by
Medical review pending
Last updated
9 October 2026
Sources
- World Health Organization fact sheets
- ICMR and MoHFW national guidelines
- National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Do not start, stop or change any medicine without medical advice.